Railway vehicle



Nov. 3, 1936. D s BARROWS 2,059,963

RAILWAY VEHICLE Filed oct. 4, 1954' s sheets-sheet 1 NOV. 3, 1936. l DS' BARROWS 2,059,963

RAILWAY VEHICLE Filed Oct. 4, 1934 5 Sheets-Sheet 2 J70/7a /d .Einw/GMSNov. 3, 1936. D. 5,/-BARRows 2,059,963

RAILWAY YVEHICI-E Filed ooi. 4, 19.54 's sheets-sheet 's las L 151 @eJMW A r/ ya /Q Bannon/YS 14- 267/ f J5` -h-w m,- I f" @KM f a.

Patented Nov. 3, 1936 PATENT OFFICE RAILWAY VEHICLE Donald S. Barrows,Rochester, N. Y., assignor to The Symington Company, Rochester, N. Y., acorporation of Maryland Application October 4, 1934, Serial No. 746,886

19 Claims.

at one end and supporting the car by means of a spring or springs at theother end, said frame carrying a journal box and including anotherspring between the top of said journal boxand the top portion 'of saidframe.

A further object of my invention is the provision of a frame pivotedatone end to the car body of a four-wheel railway vehicle, with ajournal box mounted for vertical movementwith respect to a closedpedestal portion oi said frame, a spring mounted -`on th'e roof of saidbox and acting upwardly against one or more inverted seats on the frame,and the other end of said' frame carrying a brake hanger support andspring mounting, said latter spring being so proportioned with respectto the first-mentioned spring and the distances with respect Vto saidpivotal connection between the frame and car body being such that thebrake hanger support is maintained at constant elevation with respect tothe rail on which the associated wheel travels.

Other objects and advantages of the invention relating to the particulararrangement and construction of the various parts will become apparentas the description proceeds.

Referring to the drawings illustrating my invention, the scope whereofis defined by the appended claimsr-L Figure 1 is a fragmentary sideelevational view of a portion of a four-wheel railway vehicle embodyingmy invention, portionsof` the vehicle underframe being shown insection,the parts being shown in the positions they assume when the vehicle isfully loaded.

the vehicle shown in Fig. 1, with portions in section, on the line 2-2of Fig. l, looking in the direction of the arrows.

Fig; 3 is a fragmentary sectional view on the line 3-3 of Fig. 1,looking in the direction of the arrows.

Fig,2 is'a fragmentary `plan of the parts of j Fig.` 4 is a fragmentaryview of one end portion of a railway car embodying my invention, theposition of the parts ofthe side frame or journal box mounting beingillustrated as for-a light car.

Fig. 5 is a view corresponding to Fig. 4, but showing the other end ofthe car when the same is so loaded that the springs are solid, the framebeing slightly modiiied.

Fig. 6 is a fragmentary side elevational view corresponding to Fig. 1,but showing, a modification.

Fig. '7 is a fragmentary transverse sectional .view on the line 1 1 ofFig. 6, looking in the direction of the arrows, but showing how theframe appears with a, coil spring and friction snubber rather than aplain spring.

Fig.' 8 is a transverse sectional view on the line 8--8 of Fig.'6,looking in the direction of the arrows, and showing how'the bracket andspringengaging end of the frame looks with a coil H spring and frictionsnubber instead of a plain spring.

Figs. 9 to 21, inclusive, are diagrammatic plans showing variouspossible combinations of coil springs with and without frictionsnubbers.

Referring to the drawings in detail, like parts being designated by likereference characters, and first considering the embodiment of myinventionillustrated in-Figs. 1 to 5, inclusive, there is shown afragmentary portion of a railway vehicle underframe i supported by fourwheels 2. Inasmuch as the mounting for each wheel is identical, except`that lthe one-wheel 'side frames 3 `are desirably pivoted at their outeror end sill ends, the description will be of the mounting of o-ne ofsaidframes only'.`

Depending from the underframe I is a bracket 4 bifurcated to providebearings 5 and vreceiving a pin or journal 1 passing through theapertured end portion 8 of the frame or journal box mounting 3. Theapertured portion 8 is extended va relatively great distance beyond 1theinner side of the frame to provide the length'ofbea'ring on the pin 1required for resisting forces to`which the frame 3 may be subjected. Thepin 'I'is secured in position in any desired manner as by having one endabut against a shouldered portion 8' of thebracket arm 5,V and the'other end prevented from undesired removalby means of .a retainer 9, theends of which are bent',las'illustrated in Fig. 3, to prevent loss.

The frame 3 desirably comprises `an upper portion l0, a lower portionil, "journal box guiding portions i2 extendingtherebetween, upwardlyconverging bracing portions I3, upwardly diverging bracing portions I4,and downwardly diverging end portions I5 of the upper member II! meetingthe approximately horizontal end portions I6 of the lower member I I.The portions I5 and I6 form at one end the pivoted end portion 3 of theframe, and at the other end mrge to provide an upwardly opening cup I1receiving a prefer- 1 ably coiled spring or springs I 3, the upper endor ends of which engage a normally horizontal shelf portion I9 of abracket 20 connected to the underframe I 4of the car. The bracket 2liYis also provided with a pocket 2I defined by a web 22 and flangeportions 23 receiving the cupped end I1 of the frame 3, allowing asubstantial amount of vertical movement with -respect to the underframe.

Received between the guide columns I2 of the frame is a journal box 24providedwith outer guide lugs 25 only, in order to facilitateapplication and removal from what amounts to the closed pedestal portion26 of said frame. The usual interlock between the Journal and box,through the illustrated collar on the end of the journal and theassociated brass and wedge in the box, is relied onto prevent undesiredoutward movement of the box with respect to the frame and journal. Theframe is supported by a spring 28 which, in the present embodiment,

is illustrated as semi-elliptic,l and engages the top of the box 24which receives the journal 21 of' the axle 36. The spring 28 comprisesspring leaves 29 held by a spring band 30, the outer ends of said springengaging desirably thickened portions 3I of the web 32 of the uppernormally horizontal member of the frame 3. A full elliptic or other typeof leaf spring device may be substituted for the semi-elliptic spring23.

In addition to carrying the spring cup portion I1, the free end of theframe 3l also carries a brake hanger support 32 desirably integraltherewith and to which the brake lever 33 carrying the brake head 34 ispivoted. 'Ihe pivot member 35, on which an intermediate portion of thelever 33 is mounted, may be separate for each lever or may, if desired,extend across beneath the car underframe to serve for tying two frames 3together and as a common pivot member for a pair of brake levers atopposite sides of the car.

In order to maintain the point of brake hanger support at a uniformdistance from the axle 33 for the wheels 2 and the supporting rail 31,the ratios of the springs and distances from the point o! pivotalsupport of the frame are desirably as iollows: The capacity of thesemi-elliptic spring 23 is equal to the maximum wheel reaction or loadwhich will be applied to each wheel. The capacity of the coil spring I3is onehalt that amount and its travel twice that of the semi-elliptic.The moment arm of the coil spring I3 about the pivot 1 corresponds withthat of the brake hanger or lever 33. When the car body and side framepivot drop 2", for example, with reterence to the axle 33, thesemielliptic spring 23 is compressed 1", the iloating end of the frameremains stationary with respect to the axle because the coil spring I3has been compressed 2" by the downward movement of the car body, andtheframe itself cants upwardly, and away from the center of thexcar afterit has passed beyond the full load or normally horizontal positionillustrated in Fig. 1, when said frame is pivoted at its end-sill end,as illustrated, maintaining the point of brake hanger supportstationary. This arrangement eliminates a pre.- vious objection to theuse of four-wheel cars by obviating the undesired displacement of .thebrake shoe with respect to the associated wheel.

Although the pivot point of the brake lever 33 and the vertical axes ofthe coil springs are shown located at equal distances from the center ofthe axle and center of pivotal movement of the frame 3, it will beunderstood that I do not wish to be limited to this showing, as thebrake hanger may be maintained at the desired uniform elevation ifpositioned at a slightly diierent location, provided the relations ofthe spring deflections and capacities are correspondingly changed. Thepreferred embodiment illustrated is merely that on the basis of equalarms, with the coil spring travel twice that of the semi-elliptic springtravel, and is apparently preferable because the brake support isdesirably disposed at a point approximately corresponding with the freeend of the frame 3.

Although only one coil spring I8 for each frame need be employed, yet itdesired, an inner coil 38 may be found advantageous, which inner coilwould be longer or 4of greater free height than the outer coil, andwould continue to work with the outer coil for full compression. Whenall weight is removed from the outer coil, as, for example, if the wheel2 suddenly reached a low spot in the rail 31, the inner coil 38 wouldcontinue its action on the frame 3, and possibly prevent the wheel 2from leaving the rail. A

A comparison of Figs. 1, 4, and 5 will show clearly the action of thearrangement in maintaining the brake support at constant elevation ordistance above the axle and rail. Fig. 4 shows the position of the framewhen the car is light, said frame sloping downward from its pivoted end,with the springs under light compression.y

fromv the pivotal connection rather than beingI approximatelyhorizontal, as in Fig. 1, and the pocketed portion 2| of the bracket 23having moved still further over the tree end of the frame, withouthowever, causing any change in the elevation of the brake hangersupport. The open pedestal portionsor jaws 23 of this frame 3' l areshown closed by the-plate 33 secured'to the frame by bolts 4l.

Referring now to the embodiment of my invention illustrated in Figs. 6and 9, there is shown a fragmentary portion of a railway vehicle l` fsupported by tour wheels 2*, as in the previous embodiment. Dependingfrom the underframe I' is a bracket 4l which may correspond with thebracket 4 of the preceding embodiment and be pivotally connected to anend of the one-wheel side frame or journal box mounting 3*. as in thepreceding embodiment.

The frame ll'is desirably somewhat different from the frame 3 of thepreceding embodiment, and comprises a compression member Ill, a tensionmember I I, journal box guide portions I2 extending therebetween, saidcompression and tension portions merging at their ends', and the end notpivotally connected to the bracket 4l being provided with an upwardlyopening cup I1. receiving a coil spring or springs Il", as in thepreceding embodiment. The upper end of said springer springs |811engages a normally horizontal shelf portion |911 of a bracket 2811desirably constructed like the bracket 20 of the preceding embodiment.

Received between the guide columns |211 of th frame 31 is a journal box2411 provided with outer guide lugs 2511 only, as in the precedingembodiment. The frame in the present embodiment is supported by a spring2811 which, in the present embodiment, is a single coil spring, andengages the top of the box 2411 which receives the journal 2111 of theaxle of the wheel 211.

The frame 3a carries a brake hanger support at the end which engages thespring |811, as in the preceding embodiment, and the relative capacitiesand travels of the springs' |811 and 2811 are in accordance with thedescription of the preceding embodiment, so that the point of brakehanger support remains stationary under varying loads.

Instead of employing only a single spring |811, with or without an innercoil 3811, corresponding with the inner coil 38 of the first embodiment,at the end of the frame, and a single coil 2811 over the journal box, asillustrated in Figs. 6 and 9, I may employ a single coil |811, with orwithout an inner coil 3811, at the end of the frame, and

two coils 2811 disposed side by side, as shown in Fig. l0, and engagingthe journal box.

Fig. 11 shows a further embodiment in which coils |8c are used side byside at the end of the frame instead of the coil |811 of Fig. 9, asingle coil 28c being employed over the journal box.

Fig. 12 shows a further embodiment in which two coils I8d are disposedat the end of the frame, and two coils 2811 over the journal box.

Fig. 13 shows a further embodiment in which the free coil spring overthe journal box is replaced by a spring and friction snubbing device2811, as illustrated in Fig. 7, a single coil I8e being employed at theend of the frame.

Fig. 14 illustrates a modication of Fig. 10 in which the coils 2811 arereplaced by a frictionally snubbed coil 28t over the box, the companioncoil being free and designated by the reference character 291, thespring |8t at the end of the frame being merely a single coil.

Fig. 15 shows a further embodiment in which the single spring at the endof the frame is replaced by two springs |811 disposed side by side,v

snubbed and free coils 2811 and 2911 being em-v ployed over the journalbox.

Fig. 16 shows a further embodiment in which.

a single free coil 2811 is employed over the journal box, and a singlesnubbed coil |811 is employed at the end of the frame, the details ofsaid snubbed coil being in accordance with Fig. 8.

Fig. 17 shows a further embodiment in which a single free coil 281 isemployed over the journal box, and one snubbed coil |81 and onefree coil|91 are disposed sideby side at the end of the frame.

Fig. 18 shows a further embodiment in which two free coils 28k aredisposed side by side over the journal box and snubbed and free coilsI8k and |911 are disposed at the end of the frame.

Fig. 19 shows a further embodiment in which a snubbed coil 28111 isemployed over the journal box and a snubbed coil |8111 is employed atthe end of the frame.

Fig. 20 shows a still further embodiment in which a snubbed coil 2811 isemployed over the journal box and one snubbed coil |811 and a free coil|911 are disposed side by side at the end of which a snubbed coil 2811and a. free coil 2911 are disposed over the journal box, and a snubbedcoil |811 and a free coil |911 are disposed at the end of the frame.

As a further embodiment, the semi-elliptic spring 28 of Figs. 1, 2, and3 may have its ends bear against cups carrying coil springs with orwithout snubbers, bearing against the inner surface of the top web ofthe frame. Or the spring 28 of Fig. l may have its ends bearing againstthe frame as shown, and its band 30 resting in a cap supported on oneor-more coil springs, with or without snubbers, standing on the roof ofthe box 24.

From the foregoing, it will be seen that although my invention mayinclude both coil and plate springs, semi-elliptic or elllptic,yet, ifdesired, I may instead employ any combination of 2. A single coil springat the end of the frame A and two side by side over the box.

3. Two free coil springs side by side at the end of the frame and asingle coil spring over the box.

4. Two free coil springs at the end of the frame and two free coilsprings over the box.

,5. A single free coil spring at the end of the frame and a frictionallysnubbed' coil spring over the box.

6. A single free coil spring at the end of the frame and one free andone snubbed coil spring disposed side by side over the box.

7. Two free coil springs at the end of the frame and one free and onesnubbed coil spring disposed side by side over the box.

8. A single snubbed coil spring at the end of the frame and a singlefree spring over the box.

9. 'One free coil spring and one snubbed coil vspring at the end of theframe, and a single free coil spring over the box.

10. One free coil spring and one snubbed coil spring at the end of theframe and two free coil springs disposed side by-side over the box.

11. A single snubbed coil spring at the end of the frame and a singlesnubbed coil spring over the box.

12. One free coil and one snubbed coil .spring at the end of the frameand a single snubbed coil spring.l over thebox.'

13. One free coil spring and one snubbed coil spring at the end of theframe, and one free coil spring and one snubbed coil spring over thebox.

14. One or more, free or snubbed, coil springs at the end of the frame,and, over the box, a semielliptic spring with its ends acting on free orsnubbed coil springs.

15. One or more, free or snubbed, coil springs at the end of the frame,and over the box, a free or snubbed coil spring, or springs, supportinga semi-elliptic spring.

Although I have disclosed preferred embodiments of my invention it willbe understood that still further modifications may be made within thespirit and scope of the appended claims.

I claim:-

1. In a railway vehicle, a side frame for receiving one end portion onlyof a single axle, one end of which frame is movably mounted with respectto. said vehicle and the other end of which is guided in a. bracketdepending from said vehicle and engages a vehicle-supporting spring, ajournal box slidably mounted in said frame between said ends, andanother spring acting betweenA said frame and the top of said box. 4 2.In a railway vehicle having a body, a mounting for a single journal boxonly having one end 5 portion laterally elongated and apertured toreceive a relatively long pivot member for connecting it to va sideportion of said bo'dy, springs between the body and the other-end ofsaid pivoted mounting, ajournal box arranged between said' l0 ends forvertical movement with respect to said mounting, and a spring mounted onthe roof of the box and acting on said mounting. 3. In a railwayvehic'le, a side frame for cooperating with one end portion only of asingle axle, one end of which is pivotally connected to a side portionof said vehicle and the other end ofwhich engages a vehicle-supportingcoil spring, a journal box slidably mounted with respect to said frameand a semi-elliptic spring acting between said frame and the top of saidbox.

4. In a railway vehicle, a side frame comprising anintermediate closedpedestal portion, a journal box slidably received in said portion andprovided with outer guides only to facilitate application andv removalthereof, the interior construction of the box being such that the endcollar on a normal journal received therein, and the usual brass andwedge, cooperate therewith to prevent undesired outward movement of saidbox .30 with respect to the frame, one end of said frame ,beingpivotally connected to a depending portion of said vehicle and the otherend acting on asaid frame, and another spring acting betweenA said frameand said box, the proportionsof said 4,5 springs and their distancesfrom the' movably mounted end of the frame as-compared with the distanceof the brake hanger support therefrom being such that said support ismaintained at a constant elevation under varying loads.

`6. In a railway vehicle, a side frame,.one end .of which ls pivotallyconnected to a side portion of said vehicle and the other end of whichengages a vehicle-supporting spring, a journal box slidably mounted insaid frame, and a leaf 55 spring mounted on the roof of said box andacting on a portion of said -frame thereabove.

rI.'In a railway vehicle, a frame disposed at the side of said vehicle,one end'of which is pivotally connected to said vehicle side and the 60other end of which engages a vehicle-supporting coil spring, a journalbox disposed between said ends and slidably mounted with respect to saidframe, and a coil spring acting between saidl frame and the top of saidbox.

6 5 8. In a railway vehicle, a side frame, one ,end of which ispivotally connected to a side portion thereof and the other end of whichengages a vehicle-supporting coil spring, a journal box mounted forvertical movement between guiding 70 portions of said frame, and a coilspring and snubber acting between said frame and the top of said box.

9. In a railway vehicle, a side frame, one end of which is pivotallyconnected to a side portion 76 thereof and the other end of whichengages a vehicle-supporting coil spring and snubber, a journal boxslidably mounted in a pedestal portion of said frame, and a coil springand snubber acting between said frame and the top of said box.

l0. In a railway vehicle, a side frame for cooperating with a singleaxle, one end of which frame is pivotally connected to said vehicle andthe other end of which carries a brake hanger support and engages avehicle-supporting spring, a journal box mounted'v for up-and-downmovement in said frame, another spring acting be- .tween said frame andbox, said springs and the distances from the frame pivot being soproportioned that the brake hanger support is maintained at-a constantelevation under varying loads, and means serving to pivot the ,brakehanger with respect to said frame,'said means extending to the othersideof the vehicle to serve as a common pivot for corresponding brakehanger means at the other side.

11. A side frame comprising an upper portion, a lower portion, journalbox guiding portions extending therebetween, upwardly converging bracingportions extending between said lower and upper portions, upwardlydiverging bracing portions extending between said lower and upperportions, said upper portion having downwardly diverging end portionsjoining the end portions of said lower portion, one end of said frame atthe junction of said diverging end portions with the ends of the lowerportion being apertured to receive a pivot, and the other end having anupwardly opening pocket to receive a spring.

12. A railway vehicle comprising a pair of side frames at each end, saidside frames each having their ends nearer the adjacent end of thevehicle pivoted thereto, the other end'of each frame engaging avehicle-supporting spring, a journal box disposed between said ends of,and slidably mounted with respect to, veach frame, and another springactingv between each frame and the top of said box.

13. In a railway vehicle, a side frame comprising an intermediate closedpedestal portion, a `journal box slidably received in said portion,means pivoting one end of said frame to said vehicle,l resilient meansserving to support said vehicle from the other end of said frame.' and aleaf spring mounted on the top of said box and acting on the portion ofsaid frame thereabove.

14.- In a railway vehicle, a side frame, means movably mounting one endof said frame with respect to said vehicle, a brake hanger supportcarried by the other end of said frame, a vehicle supporting springacting on the frame adjacent said support, a journal box mounted forvertical movement with respect to said frame, and resilient means actingbetween said frame and box, the relation between said spring andresilient means being such that said support ismaintained at a constantelevation under varying loads. l'

15. In a railway vehicle, a side frame at each side, means independentlypivotally connecting corresponding ends of said frames to said vehicle,a brake hanger support mounted adjacent the free end of each frame, andmeans serving to pivot brake hangers with respect to said frames, saidmeans extending from the brake hangersupport of one lframe to that ofthe other to serve as a common pivot.

-l6. A side frame comprising an upper portion, a lower portion, journalbox guiding portions extending therebetween, said upper and lowerportions being united atv their ends, one end of said frame beingapertured to receive a generally horizontal pivot for mounting on anassociated vehicle, and the other end having a pocket opening upwardlyto receive a vehicle-supporting spring.

17. A side frame comprising an upper member having a normally horizontalportion and downwardly diverging end portions, a lower-memberhavingupwardly diverging end portions meeting the end portions of saidupper member, struts therebetween forming a pedestal for an associatedjournal box, one end of said frame being apertured to receive a pivot,and the other having an abutment for a vehicle-supporting spring.

v 18. In a railway vehicle, a journal box mounting, one end of which ismovably connected to a side portion of said Vehicle, and the other endof which carries a brake hanger support and holds 20 avehicle-supporting spring,

a journal box slidably associated with said mounting and another springacting between said mounting and box, the relation between said springsbeing such that the support is maintained at a substantially constantelevation under varying vehicle loads.

19. A side frame comprising an upper member having a normally horizontalintermediate portion and downwardly diverging end portions, a lowermember having upwardly diverging end portions meeting the end portionsof said upper member, intermediate portions of said frame forming guidesfor an associated journal box, one end of said frame having a portionextending laterally for a relatively great distance beyond the normalinner frame side surface and apertured for the reception of acorrespondingly long pivot member, and the other end portion of saidframe having an upwardly opening pocket .for receiving avehicle-supporting spring.

DONALD S. BARROWS.

